United Artists: Difference between revisions
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|description=Jason Jones, Jess Williams, James Fabiano, Andrew Turnbull, Ryan Froula, Supermarty-o, and others | |description=Jason Jones, Jess Williams, James Fabiano, Andrew Turnbull, Ryan Froula, Supermarty-o, and others | ||
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{{Infobox company | {{Infobox company | ||
|name = United Artists Corporation | |||
|image=[[File:United Artists logo.svg]] | |image=[[File:United Artists logo.svg]] | ||
|founded=February 5, 1919<br>({{age|1919|2|5}} years ago) | |founded=February 5, 1919<br>({{age|1919|2|5}} years ago) | ||
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'''United Artists''' was formed in 1919 by four of the leading figures in the early Hollywood era: Mary Pickford, Charles Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and D. W. Griffith. It was largely sold to Arthur Krim and Robert Benjamin in 1951; both Chaplin and Pickford sold the remaining shares to Krim and Benjamin in 1956. United Artists was sold to Transamerica Corporation on April 27, 1967, and later to Kirk Kerkorian's Tracinda, Inc. (the then-current owner of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios|Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc]].) on July 28, 1981. MGM would use both their brand and United Artists as labels during this time under the MGM/UA brand. | '''United Artists''' was formed in 1919 by four of the leading figures in the early Hollywood era: Mary Pickford, Charles Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and D. W. Griffith. It was largely sold to Arthur Krim and Robert Benjamin in 1951; both Chaplin and Pickford sold the remaining shares to Krim and Benjamin in 1956. United Artists was sold to Transamerica Corporation on April 27, 1967, and later to Kirk Kerkorian's Tracinda, Inc. (the then-current owner of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios|Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc]].) on July 28, 1981. MGM would use both their brand and United Artists as labels during this time under the MGM/UA brand. | ||
In 1986, Turner Broadcasting System purchased MGM/UA Entertainment Co. and renamed it to MGM Entertainment Co. United Artists' assets were purchased back by Kirk Kerkorian who would use them to found a new company under the United Artists name. However, when Turner gained heavy debt over the MGM purchase, he sold the company back to Kirk Kerkorian, with the new United Artists being renamed as [[MGM/UA Communications Co.|MGM/UA Communications Company]], with MGM and United Artists being used as distribution labels. This still wasn't enough, as the company gained a loss of $88 million, leading to MGM and United Artists splitting into separate divisions. | In 1986, [[Turner Entertainment Co.|Turner Broadcasting System]] purchased MGM/UA Entertainment Co. and renamed it to MGM Entertainment Co. United Artists' assets were purchased back by Kirk Kerkorian who would use them to found a new company under the United Artists name. However, when Turner gained heavy debt over the MGM purchase, he sold the company back to Kirk Kerkorian, with the new United Artists being renamed as [[MGM/UA Communications Co.|MGM/UA Communications Company]], with MGM and United Artists being used as distribution labels. This still wasn't enough, as the company gained a loss of $88 million, leading to MGM and United Artists splitting into separate divisions. | ||
By 1990, after the purchase of MGM/UA by Giancarlo Parretti, United Artists became dormant in favor of the MGM label being used instead. In 1993, after Crédit Lyonnais' purchase of MGM, he convinced John Calley to run UA, allowing the ''Pink Panther'' and ''James Bond'' franchises alongside one of the few NC-17 films released by a major studio, ''Showgirls''. Kirk Kerkorian later repurchased MGM in 1996, and Calley resigned. | By 1990, after the purchase of MGM/UA by Giancarlo Parretti, United Artists became dormant in favor of the MGM label being used instead. In 1993, after Crédit Lyonnais' purchase of MGM, he convinced John Calley to run UA, allowing the ''Pink Panther'' and ''James Bond'' franchises alongside one of the few NC-17 films released by a major studio, ''Showgirls'' (which was distributed internationally by [[Chargeurs]]). Kirk Kerkorian later repurchased MGM in 1996, and Calley resigned. | ||
In 1999, MGM folded the existing United Artists company into their own operations (with copyrights for ''The Pink Panther'' and ''Rocky'' transitioning to MGM, although James Bond kept with a | In 1999, MGM folded the existing United Artists company into their own operations (with copyrights for ''The Pink Panther'' and ''Rocky'' transitioning to MGM, although James Bond kept with a UA copyright for legacy purposes) and rebranded their [[G2 Films]] (a renamed portion of the former [[The Samuel Goldwyn Company|Samuel Goldwyn Company]]) division) as United Artists International, with the United Artists brand now being used as an art-house theater label. | ||
On April 8, 2005, [[Sony Group Corporation|Sony Corporation]], [[:Category:Comcast|Comcast]], and four other partners bought MGM and United Artists for $4.8 billion. In November 2006, Tom Cruise and Paula Wagner were made the new heads of this revamped United Artists. However on August 14, 2008, Wagner left the studio, but still remained a stockholder in United Artists. In 2011, it became completely owned by MGM again when the studio purchased the stock formerly owned by Cruise and Wagner. As a result, UA was absorbed, but still exists as an in-name-only unit of MGM. | On April 8, 2005, [[Sony Group Corporation|Sony Corporation of America]], [[:Category:Comcast|Comcast]], and four other partners bought MGM and United Artists for $4.8 billion. In November 2006, Tom Cruise and Paula Wagner were made the new heads of this revamped United Artists. However on August 14, 2008, Wagner left the studio, but still remained a stockholder in United Artists. In 2011, it became completely owned by MGM again when the studio purchased the stock formerly owned by Cruise and Wagner. As a result, UA was absorbed, but still exists as an in-name-only unit of MGM. | ||
In September 2014, MGM acquired a stake in Mark Burnett's companies [[One Three Media]] and [[Lightworkers Media]], merging them into [[United Artists Media Group]]; the next year, UAMG was folded into [[MGM Television]]. | In September 2014, MGM acquired a stake in Mark Burnett's companies [[One Three Media]] and [[Lightworkers Media]], merging them into [[United Artists Media Group]]; the next year, UAMG was folded into [[MGM Television]]. | ||
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* This also makes a surprise reappearance on the 2010 Warner Home Video DVD and Blu-ray releases of Ralph Bakshi's ''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978), though it is absent on all older releases. It is also intact on the MGM MOD DVD-R and Kino Lorber Blu-rays of ''Valentino'', ''Burnt Offerings'', and the Scream Factory Blu-ray of the 1978 version of ''Invasion of the Body Snatchers'', which uses a new 2K transfer (the 2007 MGM DVD & Blu-ray and Arrow Video UK Blu-ray have the 2001 MGM lion and UA logos in its place). | * This also makes a surprise reappearance on the 2010 Warner Home Video DVD and Blu-ray releases of Ralph Bakshi's ''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978), though it is absent on all older releases. It is also intact on the MGM MOD DVD-R and Kino Lorber Blu-rays of ''Valentino'', ''Burnt Offerings'', and the Scream Factory Blu-ray of the 1978 version of ''Invasion of the Body Snatchers'', which uses a new 2K transfer (the 2007 MGM DVD & Blu-ray and Arrow Video UK Blu-ray have the 2001 MGM lion and UA logos in its place). | ||
* It was presented intact on a June 15, 1995 Movie Channel (UK) airing of ''Roadie''; however the 1989 Wood Knapp Video VHS of the film has a black screen in its place, and the 2003 DVD and a non-US broadcast of the film plaster it with the 14th logo while keeping the opening sound effects and music intact. | * It was presented intact on a June 15, 1995 Movie Channel (UK) airing of ''Roadie''; however the 1989 Wood Knapp Video VHS of the film has a black screen in its place, and the 2003 DVD and a non-US broadcast of the film plaster it with the 14th logo while keeping the opening sound effects and music intact. | ||
* The U.S. print of the [[ | * The U.S. print of the [[ITC Entertainment Group]]-produced ''The Big Sleep'' also had this logo. Early US television airings of ''Apocalypse Now'' should preserve this logo, although the 1990s [[Paramount Home Entertainment|Paramount Home Video]] Laserdisc uses the 1990 [[Paramount Pictures]] logo, and neither the early videocassette releases nor the DVD releases contain a logo at all. | ||
* A shortened version appears on the original home video release of ''Manhattan'', cutting any frame where Transamerica references are visible. | * A shortened version appears on the original home video release of ''Manhattan'', cutting any frame where Transamerica references are visible. | ||
* It is preserved on trailers on the iTunes movie store. | * It is preserved on trailers on the iTunes movie store. | ||
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* This logo makes a very strange appearance on the US Scorpion Releasing Blu-Ray of Terror Train (1980), whereas other prints have the 1953 20th Century Fox logo. | * This logo makes a very strange appearance on the US Scorpion Releasing Blu-Ray of Terror Train (1980), whereas other prints have the 1953 20th Century Fox logo. | ||
* On James Bond films of this period, it originally appeared on ''The Spy Who Loved Me'', ''Moonraker'', and ''For Your Eyes Only''. | * On James Bond films of this period, it originally appeared on ''The Spy Who Loved Me'', ''Moonraker'', and ''For Your Eyes Only''. | ||
* This logo was on | * This logo was on US trailers for the 1976 to 1981 MGM films ''That's Entertainment Part II'', ''Logan's Run'', ''Fame'', and ''He Knows Where You Sleep'' (on the latter two films this logo appears under the 1966 MGM logo). However, it does not appear on the actual release prints of MGM films from the era with MGM's logo at that time being used to start the films. | ||
* This logo may have been seen on U.S. VidAmerica and U.K. Intervision Video VHS and Betamax releases of United Artists films. | * This logo may have been seen on U.S. VidAmerica and U.K. Intervision Video VHS and Betamax releases of United Artists films. | ||
* It also appeared on reissue prints of ''Return of the Pink Panther'' (reissued alongside ''The Pink Panther Strikes Again'' and then ''Revenge of the Pink Panther''), ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'' (reissued in the late summer of 1978), and ''Some Like It Hot'' (reissued in the spring of 1980). This logo was also recently seen on Grit network's airings of ''The Big Red One'', though it is absent on all other releases. | * It also appeared on reissue prints of ''Return of the Pink Panther'' (reissued alongside ''The Pink Panther Strikes Again'' and then ''Revenge of the Pink Panther''), ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'' (reissued in the late summer of 1978), and ''Some Like It Hot'' (reissued in the spring of 1980). This logo was also recently seen on Grit network's airings of ''The Big Red One'', though it is absent on all other releases. | ||