20th Century Studios: Difference between revisions
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In 1935, [[Twentieth Century Pictures|'''Twentieth Century''' Pictures, Inc.]] and [[Fox Film|'''Fox''' Film Corporation]] merged to form '''Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation''' (the hyphen was dropped in 1984). During the Golden Age of Hollywood, it was one of the "Big Five" studios (the others were [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios|MGM]], [[Paramount Pictures]], [[RKO Radio Pictures|RKO Radio Pictures]], and [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]]). From 2013 to 2019, it was a subsidiary of [[21st Century Fox|Twenty-First Century Fox Inc.]], which was formed when News Corporation split into two companies. As of January 2023, their three most financially successful films are ''Avatar'', released in 2009, its sequel, ''Avatar: The Way of Water'', released in 2022, and ''Titanic'' (under international rights), released in 1997 (all of which were directed by James Cameron). 20th Century Fox also has a specialty division named [[Searchlight Pictures|Fox Searchlight Pictures]] (currently known as Searchlight Pictures), whose distributed its titles internationally until 2019. | In 1935, [[Twentieth Century Pictures|'''Twentieth Century''' Pictures, Inc.]] and [[Fox Film|'''Fox''' Film Corporation]] merged to form '''Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation''' (the hyphen was dropped in 1984). During the Golden Age of Hollywood, it was one of the "Big Five" studios (the others were [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios|MGM]], [[Paramount Pictures]], [[RKO Radio Pictures|RKO Radio Pictures]], and [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]]). From 2013 to 2019, it was a subsidiary of [[21st Century Fox|Twenty-First Century Fox Inc.]], which was formed when News Corporation split into two companies. As of January 2023, their three most financially successful films are ''Avatar'', released in 2009, its sequel, ''Avatar: The Way of Water'', released in 2022, and ''Titanic'' (under international rights), released in 1997 (all of which were directed by James Cameron). 20th Century Fox also has a specialty division named [[Searchlight Pictures|Fox Searchlight Pictures]] (currently known as Searchlight Pictures), whose distributed its titles internationally until 2019. | ||
On December 14, 2017, [[The Walt Disney Company]] announced its plans to buy most of 21st Century Fox's assets, which included a bidding war with Comcast. The process was completed on March 20, 2019, with the last pre-Disney release from the studio being ''Alita: Battle Angel'', released on February 14, 2019. The remaining assets Disney didn't acquire, notably the Fox network and Fox News, were spun-off into a new company called Fox Corporation. On January 17, 2020, Disney announced that it would be dropping the word "Fox" from the company name, presumably to avoid confusion with Fox Corporation, renaming it to '''20th Century Studios''', along with [[Searchlight Pictures]]. Nevertheless, Disney continues to own perpetual rights to the 20th Century Fox name for the studio's legacy film library. However, the studio was still legally incorporated and traded as Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation until December 4, 2020. As of December 4, 2020, the company has been using 20th Century Studios, Inc. as copyright for 20th Century Studios and [[Searchlight Pictures]], while the company has been using 20th Television, Inc. for the copyright of [[20th Television]] productions as a Disney subsidiary. As of early 2020, titles from 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures are released internationally through [[Buena Vista International]]. | On December 14, 2017, [[The Walt Disney Company]] announced its plans to buy most of 21st Century Fox's assets,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230625002718/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1744489/000095015719000301/ex99-1.htm</ref> which included a bidding war with Comcast. The process was completed on March 20, 2019, with the last pre-Disney release from the studio being ''Alita: Battle Angel'', released on February 14, 2019. The remaining assets Disney didn't acquire, notably the Fox network and Fox News, were spun-off into a new company called Fox Corporation. On January 17, 2020, Disney announced that it would be dropping the word "Fox" from the company name, presumably to avoid confusion with Fox Corporation, renaming it to '''20th Century Studios''', along with [[Searchlight Pictures]]. Nevertheless, Disney continues to own perpetual rights to the 20th Century Fox name for the studio's legacy film library. However, the studio was still legally incorporated and traded as Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation until December 4, 2020. As of December 4, 2020, the company has been using 20th Century Studios, Inc. as copyright for 20th Century Studios and [[Searchlight Pictures]], while the company has been using 20th Television, Inc. for the copyright of [[20th Television]] productions as a Disney subsidiary. As of early 2020, titles from 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures are released internationally through [[Buena Vista International]]. | ||
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'''Alternate Descriptive Video Transcription:''' Searchlights pierce a starry night sky, sweeping the clouds and illuminating a towering edifice in the form of "20th CENTURY FOX". | '''Alternate Descriptive Video Transcription:''' Searchlights pierce a starry night sky, sweeping the clouds and illuminating a towering edifice in the form of "20th CENTURY FOX". | ||
'''Trivia:''' Like the original 20th Century Pictures logo, this was designed by Emil Kosa, Jr., who, among other things, created the Statue of Liberty matte shot in ''Planet of the Apes'' (1968). | '''Trivia:''' Like the original 20th Century Pictures logo, this was designed by Emil Kosa, Jr.,<ref>https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JLCzDgAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> who, among other things, created the Statue of Liberty matte shot in ''Planet of the Apes'' (1968). | ||
'''Variants:''' | '''Variants:''' | ||
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'''Technique:''' Cel animation. | '''Technique:''' Cel animation. | ||
'''Music/Sounds:''' A redone variant of the 20th Century Pictures fanfare as composed and conducted by Alfred Newman once again, which has become one of the most famous pieces of music. | '''Music/Sounds:''' A redone variant of the 20th Century Pictures fanfare as composed and conducted by Alfred Newman once again,<ref>https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JLCzDgAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> which has become one of the most famous pieces of music. | ||
'''Music/Sounds Variants:''' | '''Music/Sounds Variants:''' | ||
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'''Availability:''' Very common. It's still saved on just about every 20th Century Fox release from 1935 to 1968, with some exceptions. | '''Availability:''' Very common. It's still saved on just about every 20th Century Fox release from 1935 to 1968, with some exceptions. | ||
* The logo premiered on ''Metropolitan'' (released on November 8, 1935) and made its final regular appearance on ''Prudence and the Pill'' (released on May 23, 1968). It later made some | * The logo premiered on ''Metropolitan'' (released on November 8, 1935) and made its final regular appearance on ''Prudence and the Pill'' (released on May 23, 1968). It later made some appearances on ''Deadfall'' (1968), ''At Long Last Love'', ''The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother'', and ''All This and World War II''. | ||
* The logo first debuted in black and white, while it was introduced in color in 1936. | * The logo first debuted in black and white, while it was introduced in color in 1936. | ||
* The color version can be seen on the 2007 DVD release of the 1939 version of ''The Little Princess'' (some public domain prints of the film use the next logo, while other prints use either the black-and-white version or no logo at all) and some colorized prints of ''Bright Eyes'' and ''Heidi'', as well as some newer colorized prints of ''Miracle on 34th Street''. | * The color version can be seen on the 2007 DVD release of the 1939 version of ''The Little Princess'' (some public domain prints of the film use the next logo, while other prints use either the black-and-white version or no logo at all) and some colorized prints of ''Bright Eyes'' and ''Heidi'', as well as some newer colorized prints of ''Miracle on 34th Street''. | ||
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* It made a strange appearance at the start of an early 1990s Seven Network Australia airing of ''Conan the Barbarian'' (1982) in place of the 3rd/4th logo. | * It made a strange appearance at the start of an early 1990s Seven Network Australia airing of ''Conan the Barbarian'' (1982) in place of the 3rd/4th logo. | ||
'''Legacy:''' | '''Legacy:''' Alfred Newman's fanfare and the the use of art deco architecture in the design of the logo cement this logo's reputation as one of the most iconic logos of all time. | ||
===2nd Logo (September 16, 1953-December 11?, 1987)=== | ===2nd Logo (September 16, 1953-December 11?, 1987)=== | ||
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'''Music/Sounds:''' | '''Music/Sounds:''' | ||
* November 5, 1953-1960: The 1953 recording of the original fanfare, which debuted on ''How to Marry a Millionaire''. | * November 5, 1953-1960: The 1953 recording of the original fanfare, which debuted on ''How to Marry a Millionaire''. | ||
* April 30, 1954-1967: The original fanfare is extended for CinemaScope. After the point the original fanfare would've stopped, four ascending string notes play, followed by four horn notes. This repeats twice before ending in a majestic flourish. This version was once again conducted by Alfred Newman, and debuted on ''River of No Return''. After CinemaScope was dropped in 1967, the 1935 fanfare was only used from this point on, until the CinemaScope extension returned on ''Star Wars'' in 1977. | * April 30, 1954-1967: The original fanfare is extended for CinemaScope. After the point the original fanfare would've stopped, four ascending string notes play, followed by four horn notes. This repeats twice before ending in a majestic flourish. This version was once again conducted by Alfred Newman, and debuted on ''River of No Return''. After CinemaScope was dropped in 1967, the 1935 fanfare was only used from this point on, until the CinemaScope extension returned on ''Star Wars'' in 1977.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230625005135/https://www.malonedigital.com/starwars.pdf</ref> | ||
* March 9, 1960: A different recording of the original fanfare, conducted by Nelson Riddle, debuted on ''Can-Can''. | * March 9, 1960: A different recording of the original fanfare, conducted by Nelson Riddle, debuted on ''Can-Can''. | ||
* 1965-October 31, 1981: The 1935 recording of the original fanfare. | * 1965-October 31, 1981: The 1935 recording of the original fanfare. | ||
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* Appears at the beginning of the original CBS/Fox VHS of the ''M*A*S*H'' series finale, "Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen". | * Appears at the beginning of the original CBS/Fox VHS of the ''M*A*S*H'' series finale, "Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen". | ||
* This logo might also appear on theatrical German/Argentine prints of titles from [[Walt Disney Productions]]/[[Walt Disney Pictures|Pictures]] and [[Touchstone Pictures|Touchstone]], as Fox had distribution rights to Disney's output in most countries such as Germany and Argentina until 1987. | * This logo might also appear on theatrical German/Argentine prints of titles from [[Walt Disney Productions]]/[[Walt Disney Pictures|Pictures]] and [[Touchstone Pictures|Touchstone]], as Fox had distribution rights to Disney's output in most countries such as Germany and Argentina until 1987. | ||
* The audio from this logo makes | * The audio from this logo makes an appearance at the start of the launch trailer for the 2011 mobile game ''Angry Birds Rio''. | ||
* Additionally, it precedes the [[Toho Co., Ltd.|Toho]] logo on Criterion prints of Akira Kurosawa's ''Kagemusha''. This is also seen on current international prints, but without the Toho logo. | * Additionally, it precedes the [[Toho Co., Ltd.|Toho]] logo on Criterion prints of Akira Kurosawa's ''Kagemusha''. This is also seen on current international prints, but without the Toho logo. | ||
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* Seen on large-format (70mm, CinemaScope 55) films. It made its first known appearance on ''Carousel''. | * Seen on large-format (70mm, CinemaScope 55) films. It made its first known appearance on ''Carousel''. | ||
* The "regular 0" variant without the CinemaScope snipe or "Twentieth Century-Fox presents" card following is seen on ''The Sound of Music'' and ''Doctor Dolittle'' (1967). The 16-bit version is only seen on ''Predator 2'' for Sega Genesis. | * The "regular 0" variant without the CinemaScope snipe or "Twentieth Century-Fox presents" card following is seen on ''The Sound of Music'' and ''Doctor Dolittle'' (1967). The 16-bit version is only seen on ''Predator 2'' for Sega Genesis. | ||
* The CinemaScope snipe of this logo made | * The CinemaScope snipe of this logo made appearances in [[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]]'s ''La La Land'' (2016) and on the broadcast of the 74th Golden Globe Awards (2017). | ||
===4th Logo (August 28?, 1981-August 5, 1994)=== | ===4th Logo (August 28?, 1981-August 5, 1994)=== | ||
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* Most US home video releases of ''The Princess Bride'' do not have this logo (with the exception of the 1998 MGM VHS), as 20th Century Fox only held North American theatrical and television rights. As a result, it can be seen on US TV prints of said film, including the 2021 Disney+ print. Amazon Prime Video prints use MGM masters, and therefore plaster this with the MGM logo. However, it's retained on the film's current UK DVD releases and the Australian two-disc deluxe edition, despite the film being re-released by [[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]] there. | * Most US home video releases of ''The Princess Bride'' do not have this logo (with the exception of the 1998 MGM VHS), as 20th Century Fox only held North American theatrical and television rights. As a result, it can be seen on US TV prints of said film, including the 2021 Disney+ print. Amazon Prime Video prints use MGM masters, and therefore plaster this with the MGM logo. However, it's retained on the film's current UK DVD releases and the Australian two-disc deluxe edition, despite the film being re-released by [[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]] there. | ||
* This logo also appeared on US theatrical prints of ''The Name of the Rose''; however, all home video prints of said film just cut straight into the movie. | * This logo also appeared on US theatrical prints of ''The Name of the Rose''; however, all home video prints of said film just cut straight into the movie. | ||
* The 1979 theme variant makes | * The 1979 theme variant makes an appearance at the end of Sony Movie Channel's broadcast of the 1974 TV movie ''Death Cruise'' (a Spelling-Goldberg production), before the SPT logo. This is also intact on Crackle's print of said title. | ||
* This logo may also appear on theatrical German prints of titles from Walt Disney Pictures/Touchstone, as Fox had distribution rights to Disney's output in that region before Warner Bros.' German branch took over in 1987. | * This logo may also appear on theatrical German prints of titles from Walt Disney Pictures/Touchstone, as Fox had distribution rights to Disney's output in that region before Warner Bros.' German branch took over in 1987. | ||
* This appeared on international theatrical prints of ''Conan the Barbarian'' (1982), but current international prints have the 1997 logo in its place. It was, however, retained on a recent Hits Movies airing. | * This appeared on international theatrical prints of ''Conan the Barbarian'' (1982), but current international prints have the 1997 logo in its place. It was, however, retained on a recent Hits Movies airing. | ||
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'''Music/Sounds:''' | '''Music/Sounds:''' | ||
* July 12, 1994-January 30, 1998: A new arrangement of the extended CinemaScope fanfare, conducted by Bruce Broughton in the 20th Century Fox Scoring Stage (now the Newman Scoring Stage), in which the original 1935 fanfare was recorded. The orchestra is three times bigger, and the fanfare has more reverberation and larger brass/string sections than other fanfares. The last release (officially) to use this fanfare was ''Great Expectations''. However, ''The Object of My Affection'' (1998), ''Wing Commander'' (1999), some prints of ''Lake Placid 2'' (2007), and German productions such as ''Krabat'' (2008) and ''John Rabe'' (2009), used this fanfare instead of the 1997 recording. An ''E! News'' story on Bruce's fanfare can be seen [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlcJKqeEE1w here]. | * July 12, 1994-January 30, 1998: A new arrangement of the extended CinemaScope fanfare, conducted by Bruce Broughton in the 20th Century Fox Scoring Stage (now the Newman Scoring Stage), in which the original 1935 fanfare was recorded. The orchestra is three times bigger, and the fanfare has more reverberation and larger brass/string sections than other fanfares.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230625005550/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlcJKqeEE1w&feature=youtu.be</ref> The last release (officially) to use this fanfare was ''Great Expectations''. However, ''The Object of My Affection'' (1998), ''Wing Commander'' (1999), some prints of ''Lake Placid 2'' (2007), and German productions such as ''Krabat'' (2008) and ''John Rabe'' (2009), used this fanfare instead of the 1997 recording. An ''E! News'' story on Bruce's fanfare can be seen [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlcJKqeEE1w here]. | ||
* November 14, 1997, March 27, 1998-: A slower arrangement of the long TCF fanfare, as performed by the 20th Century Fox Studio Orchestra and conducted by David Newman, whose father Alfred Newman composed the original fanfare in 1933, as well as its extended counterpart in 1954. According to the Twenty Thousand Hertz podcast, this fanfare was recorded to coincide with the re-opening of the Newman Scoring Stage at the Fox Studio Lot in 1997. The first film to use this fanfare was 1997's ''Anastasia''; Fox films kept using the 1994 fanfare until January 1998. It would be used for the promo of the new Fox Movies website in 2014, which featured the different variants, along with its various versions of the logo, including this and the next, plus the William Fox variant of the 1st version of the Fox Film logo and the 20th Century Pictures logo. The drumroll is heard twice in the promo; it can be viewed [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rspzzsMRl-E here]. | * November 14, 1997, March 27, 1998-: A slower arrangement of the long TCF fanfare, as performed by the 20th Century Fox Studio Orchestra and conducted by David Newman, whose father Alfred Newman composed the original fanfare in 1933, as well as its extended counterpart in 1954. According to the Twenty Thousand Hertz podcast, this fanfare was recorded to coincide with the re-opening of the Newman Scoring Stage at the Fox Studio Lot in 1997. The first film to use this fanfare was 1997's ''Anastasia''; Fox films kept using the 1994 fanfare until January 1998. It would be used for the promo of the new Fox Movies website in 2014, which featured the different variants, along with its various versions of the logo, including this and the next, plus the William Fox variant of the 1st version of the Fox Film logo and the 20th Century Pictures logo. The drumroll is heard twice in the promo; it can be viewed [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rspzzsMRl-E here]. | ||
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* It plasters the 2nd logo on international DVD releases of ''Chariots of Fire'' and ''Conan the Barbarian'' (1982) as 20th Century Fox holds distribution rights. | * It plasters the 2nd logo on international DVD releases of ''Chariots of Fire'' and ''Conan the Barbarian'' (1982) as 20th Century Fox holds distribution rights. | ||
* This logo strangely doesn't appear on ''Epic Movie''. | * This logo strangely doesn't appear on ''Epic Movie''. | ||
* Despite this logo ending regular usage on January 22, 2010, it continued to appear until October 19, 2010, and made a | * Despite this logo ending regular usage on January 22, 2010, it continued to appear until October 19, 2010, and made a reappearance on the [[Toei Animation]] production ''Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods'' (March 30, 2013). It even remains unchanged on that film's US [[Funimation]] DVD and Blu-ray release. This was also still used for the CIS branch of the company from January 5, 2012 to December 24, 2016 (except for a few films released by the branch), beginning with ''We Are Family'' and ending with ''Santa Claus: Battle of the Magi''. It also appeared with the News Corporation byline on ''Fright Night 2: New Blood'' (September 30, 2013), and ''Joy Ride 3: Roadkill'' (June 3, 2014). | ||
* This logo also appears on Argentine theatrical prints of ''The Mask'' (''La mascara''), preceding the [[New Line Cinema]] logo. | * This logo also appears on Argentine theatrical prints of ''The Mask'' (''La mascara''), preceding the [[New Line Cinema]] logo. | ||
* On newer prints of some pre-1997 films (such as ''Nell'', ''The Pagemaster'', US prints of ''Asterix Conquers America'' (''Astérix et les Indiens''), and ''Jingle all the Way''), the 1994 fanfare is replaced by the 1997 re-recording. | * On newer prints of some pre-1997 films (such as ''Nell'', ''The Pagemaster'', US prints of ''Asterix Conquers America'' (''Astérix et les Indiens''), and ''Jingle all the Way''), the 1994 fanfare is replaced by the 1997 re-recording. | ||
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* The short version is also used as a de-facto home video logo on post-2020 20th Century Studios DVD and Blu-ray releases (not counting 2020s reprints of all pre-2020 movies, retaining their old logos until then), after the final TCFHE logo retired. It does not appear on 4K Ultra HD releases, as they all skip it. It is still unknown whenever the 20th Century Home Entertainment logo will appear in future 4K releases. | * The short version is also used as a de-facto home video logo on post-2020 20th Century Studios DVD and Blu-ray releases (not counting 2020s reprints of all pre-2020 movies, retaining their old logos until then), after the final TCFHE logo retired. It does not appear on 4K Ultra HD releases, as they all skip it. It is still unknown whenever the 20th Century Home Entertainment logo will appear in future 4K releases. | ||
* Movies that do not use the closing text include ''The Call of the Wild'' (the first film under the 20th Century Studios name), ''Ron's Gone Wrong'' (this logo's animated debut), ''Home Sweet Home Alone'' (the first Disney+ original film released by the company), ''No Exit'', ''The Bob's Burgers Movie'', ''The Princess'' and ''Rosaline''. | * Movies that do not use the closing text include ''The Call of the Wild'' (the first film under the 20th Century Studios name), ''Ron's Gone Wrong'' (this logo's animated debut), ''Home Sweet Home Alone'' (the first Disney+ original film released by the company), ''No Exit'', ''The Bob's Burgers Movie'', ''The Princess'' and ''Rosaline''. | ||
* The last film to use the original version was the [[Netflix Originals|Netflix]] film ''The Woman in the Window'', released on May 14, 2021. However, it makes | * The last film to use the original version was the [[Netflix Originals|Netflix]] film ''The Woman in the Window'', released on May 14, 2021. However, it makes an appearance on the first two trailers of ''Prey'' (2022), trailers for ''White Men Can't Jump'' (2023), and is still being used as a de-facto home video logo. | ||
* This or the Time Warner Entertainment byline variant of the 1984 [[Warner Bros. Pictures]] logo do not appear at all on the 20th Century Home Entertainment 4K release of the Regency film ''Heat''; only the [[Regency Enterprises|Regency]] logo appears instead. [[Netflix Originals|Netflix]]'s print of the film however, preserves the former. | * This or the Time Warner Entertainment byline variant of the 1984 [[Warner Bros. Pictures]] logo do not appear at all on the 20th Century Home Entertainment 4K release of the Regency film ''Heat''; only the [[Regency Enterprises|Regency]] logo appears instead. [[Netflix Originals|Netflix]]'s print of the film however, preserves the former. | ||
* As stated above, this plasters the final 20th Century Fox logo on the remastered re-release of ''Avatar'' (2009), though the ABC premiere in December 2022 retains the final 20th Century Fox logo. This also plasters said logo on the 25th Anniversary re-release of ''Titanic''. It is currently unknown that any other plastering will happen as of now. | * As stated above, this plasters the final 20th Century Fox logo on the remastered re-release of ''Avatar'' (2009), though the ABC premiere in December 2022 retains the final 20th Century Fox logo. This also plasters said logo on the 25th Anniversary re-release of ''Titanic''. It is currently unknown that any other plastering will happen as of now. | ||